Emmanuelle Toussaint President and CEO QUÉBEC MINING ASSOCIATION (QMA)
What has been your focus since your appointment as QMA’s President and CEO in January?
I began this role shortly before the Trump administration took office, so have focused on analyzing the implications of the US administration’s tariffs, and Canada’s countermeasures, for our members. We identified key challenges, particularly the need to streamline the permitting process, which many members cited as a major barrier to development. We used this input to engage with both provincial and federal governments. What is your perspective on Bill 63 and its implications?
Bill 63 introduced both positive changes and concerns. The harmonization of the BAPE consultation process and modernization of the claim system are improvements, addressing duplication and speculation, particularly regarding private land claims. However, the growing number of withdrawn territories limits exploration potential in a vast province, posing long-term risks, as few exploration projects result in a mine.
Additional concerns include expanded discretionary powers for the Minister and reliance on regulation rather than clear legislation, creating uncertainty for investors. The new Environmental and Social Evaluation process, while promoting consultation, imposes administrative burdens on prospectors. Despite claims of streamlining, these changes risk adding complexity. A better balance is needed between accountability and practicality. What are QMA's priorities for the rest of 2025?
Communication will remain a top priority. Since the beginning of the year, I have conducted a regional tour and have visited Abitibi-Témiscamingue and the Côte-Nord. These visits are critical for engaging directly with mine operators and regional partners, fostering deeper collaboration across the sector.
We will continue to advocate for streamlined permitting and monitor federal and interprovincial developments. As Québec moves into the regulatory drafting phase of Bill 63, we are actively engaging with the government to ensure the final framework reflects industry realities. We will also continue to promote sustainability, innovation and best practices across the sector.
Olivier Grondin Chairman QUÉBEC MINING EXPLORATION ASSOCIATION (AEMQ)
How are changes to Québec’s Mining Act being received by AEMQ and the wider industry?
While we were actively engaged in the process, we are disappointed with the final outcome, as the legislation introduces several unfavorable provisions. It removes more land from exploration, including private property and urban zones, even in established mining regions like Abitibi. More than 40% of the province is now affected, and areas with no exploration since 1988 are automatically excluded.
The law also increases regulatory complexity, introduces additional consultations, and grants broad discretionary powers to the minister, thereby increasing uncertainty. This is concerning, as mineral deposits are fixed, but investment capital is mobile. Unlike Ontario, which is streamlining regulations, Québec is heading in the opposite direction. However, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Forests has recently expressed a willingness to streamline regulations, and we remain engaged in discussions.
The legislation largely responds to concerns in southern Québec, where mining is less familiar and a surge in claim filings has sparked a backlash. While the reduction of speculative claims is a positive aspect of the new law, it is counterbalanced by new burdens, which negatively affect Quebec’s attractiveness for both critical minerals and precious metals. How is the regulatory environment continuing to evolve at the provincial and federal level?
At the federal level, Mark Carney’s pro-economy and pro-finance position is encouraging. Now, there is alignment at both levels of government on the need to streamline processes and support economic growth. Canada must embrace mining while ensuring it is practiced sustainably. What makes Québec a great jurisdiction for exploration?
It all starts with geology. Québec offers exceptional geological potential for precious metals, critical minerals and iron. The province provides a robust and accessible public database, supported by a strong ecosystem along with attractive tax incentives. Québec also benefits from a complete supply chain and a skilled workforce.